How Does a Gypsum Board Production Line Work Step by Step?

How Does a Gypsum Board Production Line Work Step by Step?

A gypsum board production line is an integrated set of machines and systems designed to convert raw gypsum materials into finished wall and ceiling panels. At Hengshui Decheng Machinery & Equipment Co.,Ltd, we build complete gypsum board lines that operate with high efficiency and stability. Here is a detailed look at how the production line functions step by step.

Step 1: Raw Material Preparation
The process begins with preparing the gypsum material. Natural gypsum or synthetic gypsum (such as FGD gypsum) is first crushed and then ground into fine powder. This powder is stored in silos and kept dry before being used in the production line. At the same time, paper rolls for the top and bottom layers of the board are placed in position on automatic unwinding stations.

Step 2: Slurry Mixing
The gypsum powder is mixed with water and various additives in a mixer. These additives may include starch, foaming agents, setting retarders, and fiber reinforcements, depending on the board’s application. The result is a homogenous slurry with a specific viscosity, optimized for smooth board forming and setting.

Step 3: Board Forming
The slurry is poured onto a continuously moving bottom paper sheet. A top paper is simultaneously laid over the slurry to form a sandwich structure. The board passes through shaping rollers and belts, which determine its thickness and ensure a uniform surface. This wet board continues to move along the forming conveyor as the setting reaction begins.

Step 4: Cutting
Once the wet board gains sufficient strength, it is cut to the desired length using high-speed cutting knives. The length can be adjusted depending on product specifications. The cut boards are then transferred to a turning station or feeding station for drying.

Step 5: Drying Process
The boards enter a multi-zone drying kiln. Each zone maintains specific temperature and humidity levels to gradually remove moisture without causing deformation or cracks. The drying process usually takes 30–40 minutes and is essential for maintaining dimensional stability and board strength.

Step 6: Trimming and Stacking
After drying, the boards are trimmed to precise dimensions. Edge trimming machines cut the board sides for smooth, clean edges. The finished boards are then stacked, banded, and prepared for packaging or warehouse storage.

This step-by-step process ensures consistent board quality and efficient use of raw materials. Automated control systems oversee each phase, allowing operators to monitor conditions and make adjustments as necessary.